민주적 선거구 획정 방안 연구

This study aims to enhance the democratic nature of the electoral districting process and content. It diagnoses issues within the current legal framework and proposes alternatives by comparing international cases and laws. There has been a scarcity of previous research on securing the substantial independence and neutrality of the Electoral Districting Commission in South Korea, leading to a lack of discussions and alternatives. This study derives various analyses and alternatives to ensure that the electoral districting process and content in South Korea align with democracy and national sovereignty. The study suggests several measures: Clarifying the permissible population deviation limits within the Public Official Election Act. Minimizing the involvement of incumbent legislators in the districting process. Introducing the advantages and disadvantages of enhanced citizen-participation electoral districting commissions. Presenting independent electoral districting commissions in Australia, the UK, and the US. Utilizing diverse expertise in the composition of international electoral districting commissions. Noting the contrast between South Korea, where the law mandates a six-month period for drawing up electoral districts, and the UK and Germany, where the process takes over two years. Emphasizing that general education on districting must precede to achieve substantial public participation. Highlighting that while applying algorithms and other technologies in districting can increase arithmetic accuracy and fairness, the potential for computer-driven gerrymandering necessitates cautious implementation. Recommending that electoral districting commissioners should be appointed from various professionals who are constitutionally guaranteed to be neutral and bear a duty of neutrality. Experts could be appointed additionally as advisors, following the UK model.