추상명사 유의어 ‘办法’, ‘方法’, ‘方式’의 의미 차이 연구— ‘껍질-내용’ 구문의 공기어휘 분석을 중심으로

This study aims to objectively describe the differences among the high-frequency Chinese abstract noun synonyms , ‘fāngfǎ’(方法), ‘fāngshì’(方式) and ‘bànfǎ’(办法) based on their usage data. By integrating the shell-noun construction theory from cognitive linguistics with corpus-based quantitative analysis, the study systematically examines the constructional profiles of each noun, specifically the types and frequencies of constructions in which these nouns appear. Furthermore, a distinctive collexeme analysis for each construction was conducted, comparing the ‘differentiating’ collexemes of each noun, thereby refining their individual meanings and providing representative examples, especially those with more entrenched expressions. The results indicate that ‘方法’ refers to systematic and scientific procedures or methodologies, typically employed in academic or technical contexts, while ‘方式’ represents various approaches or modes of expression used in communication and social interactions. In contrast, ‘办法’ not only signifies an idea for problem-solving but also denotes practical and actionable measures or procedures used in administrative or formal contexts. This study demonstrates the efficacy and practicality of a corpus-based analysis through a collostrutional approach in researching the meanings and distinctions of abstract nouns. The findings are expected to serve as valuable educational resources, particularly for foreign learners of Chinese, including Korean students, by helping them better understand and appropriately use these abstract nouns.