누가, 어떠한 대안을 선호하는가? : 기본소득, 부의 소득세와 증세 태도, 대전지역을 중심으로

This study focused on the fact that, among various alternative income security systems proposed, previous studies only focused on citizens’ attitudes toward basic income. In this context, this study analyzed the structure of citizens’ attitudes based on basic income, negative income tax, and tax increases. For the analysis, we conducted an online survey over a three-week period in August-September 2023, and conducted binary logit analyses, latent class analyses, and multinomial logit analyses. The main results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of latent group analysis, the proportion of groups positive attitude about the introduction of negative income tax and tax increases was higher than the group positive attitude about the introduction of basic income and tax increases. Second, binomial logit and multinomial logit analyses showed that the influence of the self-understanding factor was limited, while the influence of the personal value orientation factor was consistent and in a direction consistent with theoretical reasoning. These results suggest that there may be stronger conflict over the introduction and tax increase of basic income than over negative income tax. In addition, it shows that citizens are likely to have chosen their attitude based on the characteristics of each alternative income security systems and their personal value orientation rather than a clear judgment about their own interests. Also, it shows that citizens perceive negative income tax, which has selective characteristics similar to existing welfare policies in Korean society, as a more familiar.