핀란드 형벌제도에 관한 연구

Finland is attracting attention for its humane criminal policy based on a welfare society. Punishments are imposed exceptionally only when necessary, and punishments are not imposed more excessively than necessary. Although fines and imprisonment are mainly used, it is unique in that it actively uses various community sanctions as punishment. As in other European countries that are part of the EU, the death penalty has been abolished and is no longer criminal punishment. Imprisonments are classified into life imprisonment and fixed-term imprisonments, and there are two types in fixed-term imprisonments, unconditional imprisonment and conditional imprisonment that suspends execution of sentence. Imprisonment sentences of less than 8 months are sometimes sentenced to alternative by replacing them with social sanctions such as community service or monitoring sentence, a type of house arrest. If the term of imprisonment is less than 8 months, instead of being detained in prison, the sentence may be replaced by community sanctions such as community service or monitoring sentence, a form of house arrest using electronic devices. In the case of juvenile offenders under the age of 18, juvenile sanctions may be imposed additionally to help them adapt to society and prevent repeat offenses. Fines are imposed in the form of a fixed fine, which imposes a fixed amount for minor violations, and a day fine, which takes into account the economic status of the defendant. There are also Punishments of deprivation of honor such as removal from office and stripping military rank, and confiscation punishment that takes away objects used in offence or property, profits, and value accrued from offence. This paper introduces not only the various types of punishments in Finnish criminal code but also detailed information on their execution and operation, and examines what can be reflected in the criminal justice and criminal policy of Korea.