기후변화 대응을 위한 인공지능 활용의 입법적 과제 — 태양광발전 등 재생에너지 확대를 중심으로 —

There is also hope that artificial intelligence can serve the broader social community, beyond the interests of specific individuals or groups. This discussion centers on the development and utilization of ‘AI for social good’, including its application in addressing climate change, a critical issue for humanity and the global community. By leveraging AI to maximize the production and supply of renewable energy, such as photovoltaics, we can significantly reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change. AI is particularly adept at accurately predicting future events and outcomes, making it invaluable for selecting optimal sites for renewable energy facilities and forecasting renewable energy generation and electricity demand. However, despite the technical feasibility of expanding renewable energy production and supply with AI, various regulations pose significant challenges to its institutional application. Accessing high-quality and abundant public data is essential for AI to select optimal sites for renewable energy facilities, but this is often hindered by existing regulations. Additionally, legislation governing development activities can impede the establishment of renewable energy infrastructure. Furthermore, regulations related to data utilization, a lack of institutional incentives for AI adoption, and entry barriers in the smart grid infrastructure industry all constrain the accurate prediction of electricity demand and efficient operation of power grids using AI. To effectively use AI in expanding renewable energy and addressing climate change, it is crucial to reform regulatory frameworks that impede AI integration. Legislative efforts should focus on improving data accessibility, easing development regulations, and incentivizing AI applications in the energy sector. This proactive approach is essential for leveraging AI to tackle the urgent issue of climate change effectively.