Research on the Governance of Teacher-perpetrated Child Sexual Abuse in Rural Areas : Analysis of 130 Judgment Documents from China

Teacher-perpetrated CSA poses a significant threat to the physical and mental well-being of minors, as well as undermining societal harmony and stability. In contrast to urban regions, efforts to prevent and control child sexual abuse in rural China are relatively underdeveloped, characterized by low legal awareness and cultural literacy, which pose challenges for the effective implementation of policies. The Chinese government has acknowledged these issues and undertaken comprehensive policy adjustments. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the factors contributing to teacher-perpetrated child sexual abuse in rural China and to propose targeted solutions for specific issues. Through a systematic examination of 130 judgment documents involving rural teachers accused of child sexual abuse, it was determined that these offenses exhibit characteristics of high concealment and prolonged persistence, resulting in severe impacts on young victims. Consequently, it is imperative to explore the underlying causes from multiple dimensions—including individual, familial, educational, societal, and legal perspectives—and establish a comprehensive, multi-stakeholder prevention and intervention framework to enhance its effectiveness. Drawing on China’s current governance practices and challenges, it is recommended that schools prioritize the enhancement of awareness regarding sexual abuse prevention among children and guardians, ensure the comprehensive implementation of campus safety supervision responsibilities to establish a secure educational environment, and strengthen as well as optimize the system for assisting and safeguarding minors, alongside reinforcing judicial protection.