신체 움직임을 유도하는 미술관 디자인 요소 분석 -액티브 디자인과 메를로-퐁티의 신체성 개념을 기반으로-

(Background and Purpose) In contemporary society, museums have evolved beyond their traditional role of simply displaying art. They have become multifaceted spaces where visitors actively engage with and experience art in interactive and immersive ways. Reflecting this change, museum design and architecture now require a new level of approach. As cultural spaces like museums become more mainstream and as modern society increasingly values wellness, the importance of designing environments that promote and enhance everyday physical activity is becoming more pronounced. Active Design is an approach aimed at meeting these contemporary needs by focusing on how spaces can encourage physical movement and foster interaction among visitors. This study conducted an in-depth analysis of how the application of Active Design influences user experience in three major contemporary art museums in New York: the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the Whitney Museum, and the New Museum. The primary objective of the research is to analyze how Active Design has been integrated into these museum spaces and to evaluate how it affects visitors' physical and psychological experiences through the lens of Maurice Merleau-Pont's concept of embodied experience. (Methods) The study utilizes a case study approach, analyzing how Active Design elements are applied within museum environments. A research framework was developed to evaluate Active Design and museum environment elements. Each case was assessed based on architectural, psychological, and social elements, focusing on how Active Design principles are implemented and how they relate to visitor physicality and embodied experiences. (Results) The findings indicate that each museum has effectively employed Active Design principles to enhance the visitor experience. The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) offers a rich visual experience through its diverse exhibition space arrangements and hierarchical structure. The Whitney Museum of American Art creates a warm and varied exhibition environment through its multi-layered spaces and the use of natural light. The New Museum, despite its limited space, optimizes circulation and natural light to provide a suitable exhibition environment. (Conclusions) The study confirms that Active Design is closely integrated into museum space design. Each institution incorporates architectural, psychological, and social elements to enhance visitors' internal experiences, facilitating diverse interactions between visitors and the exhibition spaces. Future research should focus on further developing Active Design principles and exploring their applicability to various cultural spaces. By advancing these principles, future studies can provide valuable insights into enhancing visitor experiences not only in museums but also in other types of public spaces. Such research will offer crucial foundational knowledge for improving future museum design and environmental enhancement.