Antifungal Activity of 3-Hydrazinoquinoxaline-2- Thiol, a Novel Quinoxaline Derivative against Candida Species

Candida ranks as among the most frequently encountered fungal infections that associatedwith high morbidity and mortality. Quinoxaline derivatives are a group of small moleculesthat showed a promising antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to investigate the fungicidaleffects of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol against Candida in comparison with Amphotericin Bin vitro as a reference. Also, we aim to assess the efficacy of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol invivo using mice oral candidiasis model. Fifty-six Candida isolates were subjected to susceptibilitytesting by broth microdilution method for 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol and Amphotericin B. Therefore, Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were assessed and compared. The oralcandidiasis mice model was used to evaluate the activity of 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol invivo. Microbiological evaluation of progression and ELISA were used in this study. 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol was more effective than Amphotericin B against most clinicalisolates of Candida albicans. Higher effectiveness was seen against Candida glabrata andCandida parapsilosis isolates. However, the efficiency against Candida tropicalis isolates varies. 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol was also effective against Pichia kudriavzevii and Clavisporalusitaniae. 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol showed a good efficacy in mice model against C. albicans cells ATCC 10231. 3-hydrazinoquinoxaline-2-thiol has shown promising antifungal andanti-inflammatory activity against different Candida species. More tests and experiments areneeded.