Advancing flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and hydrophobicity of epoxy resins through bio-based cinnamaldehyde derivative
Advancing flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and hydrophobicity of epoxy resins through bio-based cinnamaldehyde derivative
Nannan Song(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University); Jian Li(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University); Boran Yang(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University); Yong Guo(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University); Zhongwei Chen(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University); Feng Rong(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University); Kai Wang(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University); Tingting Chen(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Nanjing Tech University); Yuan Yu(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Nanjing Tech University); Peng Ma(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Nanjing Tech University); Juncheng Jiang(College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Nanjing Tech University)
139권, 185~198쪽
초록
Developing flame retardants based on biomass materials to improve the flame retardancy and multifunctionalityof epoxy resin (EP) is crucial. Herein, we synthesized a novel derivative, PPABCA, combining cinnamaldehydeand 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide to serve as flame retardants for EP. Incorporating 5wt% PPABCA into EP (EP/PPABCA-5) demonstrated remarkable flame retardancy, with a limiting oxygen indexof 33.7% and a V-0 rating in UL-94 test. It also reduced the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and peakCO2 production by 32.9%, 29.9%, and 42.8%, respectively. The enhanced flame retardancy was facilitated by thecapture of phosphorus-containing free radicals coupled with dilution of combustible gas characterized by theblow-out phenomenon and formation of a dense char layer enriched with triazine and phosphorus. Furthermore,EP/PPABCA-5 exhibited enhanced flexural and tensile strengths by 20.5% and 16.5% compared to EP, attributedto the increased cross-linking density and π-π conjugation from the high rigidity of PPABCA, along with its goodcompatibility with EP. Additionally, the improved hydrophobic properties of PPABCA, confirmed by electrostaticpotential analysis, further enhanced the hydrophobicity of EP composites. Overall, this work underscored astrategic development of multifunctional, bio-based flame retardant, showcasing efficient flame retardancy,enhanced mechanical properties, and boosted hydrophobicity in EP.
Abstract
Developing flame retardants based on biomass materials to improve the flame retardancy and multifunctionalityof epoxy resin (EP) is crucial. Herein, we synthesized a novel derivative, PPABCA, combining cinnamaldehydeand 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide to serve as flame retardants for EP. Incorporating 5wt% PPABCA into EP (EP/PPABCA-5) demonstrated remarkable flame retardancy, with a limiting oxygen indexof 33.7% and a V-0 rating in UL-94 test. It also reduced the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and peakCO2 production by 32.9%, 29.9%, and 42.8%, respectively. The enhanced flame retardancy was facilitated by thecapture of phosphorus-containing free radicals coupled with dilution of combustible gas characterized by theblow-out phenomenon and formation of a dense char layer enriched with triazine and phosphorus. Furthermore,EP/PPABCA-5 exhibited enhanced flexural and tensile strengths by 20.5% and 16.5% compared to EP, attributedto the increased cross-linking density and π-π conjugation from the high rigidity of PPABCA, along with its goodcompatibility with EP. Additionally, the improved hydrophobic properties of PPABCA, confirmed by electrostaticpotential analysis, further enhanced the hydrophobicity of EP composites. Overall, this work underscored astrategic development of multifunctional, bio-based flame retardant, showcasing efficient flame retardancy,enhanced mechanical properties, and boosted hydrophobicity in EP.
- 발행기관:
- 한국공업화학회
- 분류:
- 화학공학