완성차기업의 노동안전보건과 노사관계: 현대차와 기아차 사례에 대한 통시적 분석

In order to examine the impact of labor unions on occupational health and safety(OHS), the cases of Hyundai Motor and Kia Motor were analyzed. Focusing on safety and health issues, Hyundai Motor Group's industrial relations can be divided into the conflict blockade period (before 1987), the conflict manifestation period(1987~1998), the peak of confrontation and the conflict institutionalization period(1999~2012), the conflict relaxation period(2013~2022), and the cooperation search period (2023 and later). Although the roles and strategies of labor unions differ somewhat from period to period, in general, labor union fights have contributed to raising the level of OHS. However, the effectiveness of militant unionism has decreased recently, and one of the reasons is that employers have advanced the OHS system and expanded investment since 2013. In the end, it is noteworthy that the nature of industrial relations interacting with safety and health has changed in each period, with a shift from confrontation to cooperation observed as the level of OHS increases. These changes have also been institutionalized through the enrichment of collective agreements along with negotiations through the OHS Commission, the Labor-Management Council, and the collective bargaining for working conditions. However, industrial relations at the workplace level have a significant impact on OHS issues when considering the risk assessment process and conflicts over the right to stop work, and it is necessary to accumulate workplace practices of worker participation and safety actions of labor to move towards true cooperation in the future.