보이스피싱 범죄 억제에 관한 방법 연구 ― 중국의 최신 대책으로부터의 시사점 ―

Fraud crimes are becoming increasingly pervasive in our society. Among the various types of fraud, voice phishing crimes stand out due to their severe illegality, as they not only undermine financial systems but also critically damage trust among members of society. Notably, these crimes often originate in China and tend to harm South Korean citizens. In this context, this study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the general characteristics, current state, and response measures concerning voice phishing crimes in China and to suggest implications for the legal system in South Korea. First, this study examines the concept, characteristics, types, and occurrence trends of voice phishing crimes in China. Specifically, it explains the fundamental factors contributing to the persistent occurrence of these crimes, the diverse behavioral patterns involved, and the impact of technological advancements on the structure of such crimes. Through this analysis, the study elucidates the various manifestations of voice phishing crimes in China. It also evaluates the gravity of these crimes objectively by referencing case studies and statistical data on the harm caused within China. Subsequently, the study reviews the legal and policy approaches adopted by Chinese authorities to counter voice phishing crimes, focusing on substantive law, procedural law and practical measures. This review is based primarily on Judicial Interpretations issued by Chinese judicial institutions. In terms of substantive law, the study analyzes the key standards for punishing voice phishing crimes. Regarding procedural law, it discusses significant issues in the investigation and prosecution processes. Additionally, practical measures beyond substantive and procedural law are evaluated, including the establishment of sentencing guidelines and cooperative systems among relevant institutions. Through this comprehensive analysis, the study systematically identifies the overall framework of China's response to voice phishing crimes. Lastly, based on China's countermeasures, the study proposes implications for South Korea's legal system. These implications can be summarized as follows: (1) the clarification and codification of legal standards, (2) the establishment and dissemination of an integrated system for prevention and response, and (3) the necessity of international cooperation. Given the transnational nature of voice phishing crimes, it emphasizes the urgent need for collaboration not only between South Korea and China but also on a global scale. This study aims not merely to highlight the differences in legal systems between China and South Korea but to present practical and specific solutions to reduce the harm caused by voice phishing crimes. Moreover, it seeks to contribute academically to the field of legal system research and to serve as a reference for the prevention and response to voice phishing crimes in practice.