범국가적인 기후변화 대응과 관련된 기후소송의 동향 분석

Climate change caused by global warming is largely attributed to human activities. Greenhouse gas emissions, which are a primary catalyst of global warming, cause severe impacts on climate change, including extreme heatwaves, record-breaking rainfall, increased typhoon intensity, heavy snowfall, and cold waves. While various efforts to address climate change are being made both domestically and internationally, these efforts vary greatly from country to country, depending on how seriously each country perceives the threat of climate change. As a result, when countries or companies fail to adequately respond to climate change, legal remedies have emerged as a crucial tool to address the issue. In this context, the number of climate litigation cases being filed worldwide is continuously increasing. The international spread of climate litigation is noteworthy because such cases, although initiated in one jurisdiction, influence other nations that face similar challenges. This article focuses on analyzing global trends in climate litigation aimed at addressing the challenge of climate change. It highlights the growing frequency of climate litigation cases and the significant influence of judicial decisions in one country on other jurisdictions. Specifically, this article provides a comprehensive review of the spread of climate litigation, the trends in climate change response across countries, the types of climate litigation related to climate change responses, and key judicial decisions in climate litigation cases. Furthermore, the article outlines the impact of climate litigation on the international community and discusses potential future developments in the evolving legal landscape of climate litigation.