"자연재해에 대한 지방공공단체의 역할과 책무 - 일본 「재해대책기본법」과 도쿄도(東京都) 진재대책 조례를 중심으로 -"

This study aimed to analyze the roles and responsibilities of local public organizations, focusing on 「Basic Act on Disaster Management(BADM)」 on Disaster Countermeasures and Disaster Countermeasures Ordinance in Tokyo. Due to disasters such as frequent earthquakes and massive damage, Japan is preparing specific countermeasures by local governments in the region under the Framework Act on Disaster Countermeasures (hereinafter referred to as the "Disaster Act"). Japan's disaster law defines disasters, establishes the concept of disaster prevention, and presents systematic measures for prevention and recovery. Local public organizations are responsible for establishing disaster prevention and response plans in each region and conducting disaster prevention activities in cooperation with each other. Based on the 1961 Disaster Act and the 1971 Tokyo Earthquake Prevention Ordinance, Tokyo's disaster prevention measures, which lead the disaster countermeasures among the 47 prefectures, were reinforced after the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, and based on this, a disaster prevention plan aimed at rapid recovery and urban reconstruction in the event of an earthquake was established. Disaster prevention measures in Japan recognize the importance of ‘self-help’, ‘mutual aid’, and ‘public assistance’ through experience, and the six basic principles of disaster countermeasures under the BADM covered in this study can provide important implications for disaster countermeasures in Korea.