인공지능(AI) 기술의 발전과 국제거래법: 법적 쟁점과 대응 방안

This study analyzes the impact of AI technology on international trade law and discusses the legal issues and solutions related to AI-based trade. AI has become a crucial technology in international trade, enhancing efficiency and reducing transaction costs, making its integration with existing legal frameworks essential. Automated contracts, data analysis, and supply chain optimization driven by AI are bringing transformative changes to international trade, necessitating the urgent establishment of a corresponding legal framework. As AI technology continues to evolve, discussions on its legal status are expected to intensify. The legal validity of AI-based contract formation and liability issues will be key areas of debate, requiring common international legal standards for AI regulation. In particular, rules ensuring AI technology’s reliability and fairness must be established, and international cooperation will be crucial in harmonizing AI-related trade laws across nations. To strengthen global AI governance, South Korea should expand its cooperation with international organizations such as the UN, WTO, and OECD while actively adopting international norms. A balanced approach is required to foster a legal environment that promotes AI-driven industrial innovation while ensuring market fairness and transparency without excessive regulation. Policy support is necessary to maximize AI’s economic potential and national competitiveness by facilitating its application across various industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and finance. Further research on the application of AI in international trade law should continue, with the following areas requiring attention: first, the legal interpretation of the validity and liability of AI-based contracts; second, policy solutions for data protection and privacy concerns in AI-driven trade processes; third, the role of AI in international dispute resolution and the development of AI-based legal mechanisms; and fourth, the analysis of international organizations and agreements related to AI, along with policy approaches to ensure the sustainable and responsible development of AI technology on a global scale. These efforts will help secure legal stability for AI in international trade and drive innovation in the global trade environment. In conclusion, South Korea must pursue AI development and global cooperation simultaneously by complying with international regulations while promoting domestic industrial innovation. Achieving sustainable AI development requires prioritizing cooperation and ethical responsibility over excessive regulation. Given AI’s impact on international trade and the economy, South Korea should establish a foundation for global cooperation aligned with OECD AI principles and advance the international legal integration of AI. By doing so, South Korea can assume a leading role in global AI competition while ensuring the safe and innovative use of AI technology.