시니어 창업의도에 영향을 미치는 요인 : PPM과 EEM 결합모형을 중심으로

As societies transition into a super-aging society, the need for a "second act" in life after retirement has become increasingly important. Entrepreneurship has emerged as a viable path for seniors seeking financial stability and personal fulfillment. However, most prior research on senior entrepreneurship has relied on researcher-driven models, lacking a systematic theoretical framework. To address this gap, this study integrates the Push-Pull-Mooring (PPM) framework with the Entrepreneurial Event Model (EEM) to provide a structured approach to understanding senior entrepreneurship intention. Unlike previous studies that primarily focus on push-pull dynamics, this research adopts EEM's perceived desirability and perceived feasibility as pull factors, as they better capture the psychological determinants of entrepreneurial decision-making among seniors. A survey was conducted with 300 seniors, and the research model was validated using structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS. Model fit indices confirm the robustness of the framework in explaining senior entrepreneurship intention. The findings reveal the following key insights: First, reemployment barriers, livelihood maintenance, perceived feasibility, perceived desirability, and social networks had a positive impact on senior entrepreneurship intention. This suggests that external pressures (push factors) and internal motivation (pull factors) jointly drive seniors toward entrepreneurship. Second, physiological aging and fear of failure, categorized as mooring factors, had a negative impact on senior entrepreneurship intention. These findings indicate that concerns about aging and perceived risks serve as significant barriers to seniors' engagement in entrepreneurial activities. Third, the factors influencing senior entrepreneurship intention ranked in the following order of impact: perceived feasibility, perceived desirability, and social networks (pull factors) were the most influential, followed by reemployment barriers and livelihood maintenance (push factors), and lastly, physiological aging and fear of failure (mooring factors). This ranking highlights the crucial role of psychological and social support in promoting senior entrepreneurship. These findings offer both theoretical and practical contributions. Theoretically, the study strengthens the systematic understanding of senior entrepreneurship by integrating PPM and EEM in a novel way. Practically, the results suggest that enhancing entrepreneurial self-efficacy (through training programs), promoting social networks, and reducing perceived risk barriers can foster senior entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for targeted policy interventions, such as financial incentives and mentorship programs, to support seniors transitioning into entrepreneurship. By systematically integrating a structured framework and validating it through AMOS-based SEM, this research contributes to the academic discourse on senior entrepreneurship and provides actionable insights for stakeholders in a super-aging society.