지속가능한 경쟁정책의 국제적 전개와 우리나라 경쟁정책에의 함의 ― 2024년 이후를 중심으로 ―

This paper reviews the climate cartel controversy in the United States and trends in other countries that are newly implementing sustainable competition policies, and provides a comparative legal analysis of how operators' sustainability-related cooperation can be evaluated from the perspective of competition policy. Based on this, we examine the recently enacted compliance guidelines in Korea and consider what needs to be considered and improved to ensure that sustainability-related cooperation among Korean enterprisers is not inhibited by competition law enforcement concerns and promotes the efficiency of Korean society This paper finds that, ① In the U.S., the Republican Party is leading the charge to characterize sustainability-related cooperation as a climate cartel, leading to investigations and lawsuits, which has resulted in a decline in cooperation among enterprisers. On the other hand ② France and Australia are introducing new sustainable competition policy regulations and reviewing the actual cooperation of operators. Under these circumstances, ③ Korea’s newly enacted compliance guidelines provide only a few examples of behaviors and practices that are likely to be assessed as non-compliant by operators, and therefore need to be supplemented by (i) narrowing the scope of application to ‘net-zero objectives’ in line with the purpose of the enactment, which is to address concerns about the shrinkage of the climate technology industry; (ii) refining the regulations by establishing binding detailed rules; and (iii) establishing a window for providing guidance.