직장 내 괴롭힘을 목격한 사회복지사의 주변인 경험에 대한 현상학적 연구

This phenomenological study explored the experiences of social workers who have witnessed workplace bullying, with the aim of understanding the characteristics and the essence of bystander behaviors. Using Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological method, six social workers participated in the research. Data analysis identified 96 meaning units, 41 sub-components, and nine core components, which culminated in the overarching theme of “choices amidst conflict.” Participants reported working in organizational environments where bullying was tolerated, leading them to make difficult and conflicted choices: supporting victims out of a sense of responsibility or altruism, remaining passive to avoid instability, or siding with perpetrators as a means of self-preservation. These choices often resulted in feelings of helplessness, fear-driven conformity, and regret. The findings suggest that bystander behavior is shaped by a complex interplay of personal and organizational factors, emphasizing the need for comprehensive support systems. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of bystander experiences in workplace bullying and suggests implications for future studies and intervention strategies.