참여디자인 이론을 적용한 커뮤니티 기반 공공디자인 사례분석 연구

This study aims to examine the levels and mechanisms of participation in community-based public design and propose directions for building a practical and sustainable participatory structure. Using Henry Sanoff’s ten-step participatory design process and Arnstein’s ladder of citizen participation as analytical frameworks, four domestic and international cases—the Customer Design Group (Korea), Seoul’s Seoul is Museum, New York’s The High Line, and Copenhagen’s Superkilen—were comparatively analyzed. The results show that the Customer Design Group and The High Line represent cases of substantial “citizen power,” with active public involvement in decision-making. In contrast, Seoul is Museum and Superkilen remained largely at the level of tokenism, with expert-led approaches dominating the early stages. The study highlights that successful public design requires early-stage citizen engagement, capacity building, feedback mechanisms, and outcome sharing, and it emphasizes the need to institutionalize meaningful participatory structures in future public design policies and practices.