소득계층 간 생활SOC 접근성의 공간적 형평성 분석: 부산시를 중심으로

This study examines the effect of social overhead capital (SOC) on housing value and empirically evaluates the differences in residential availability and SOC accessibility across income groups. A spatial regression model is applied to 2,851 apartment-containing census tracts in Busan, South Korea. The results show that proximity to daycare centers, basic medical facilities, sports facilities, and large retail stores positively affect housing prices, whereas the presence of welfare facilities for the elderly exerts a negative effect. Using the Korea housing affordability index , this study estimates the affordable housing prices for each income quintile and identifies spatially segregated residential areas: high-income households clustered in the eastern and central urban districts, and low-income households in the western and peripheral areas. A subsequent comparison of SOC accessibility reveals that high-income areas generally have better access to most facilities. These findings highlight the relationship between the spatial distribution of SOC and residential segregation, thereby undermining spatial equity. This study offers a multilayered analysis of spatial inequality by income level and provides empirical evidence for more equitable planning of public-service provision.