이중차분법을 활용한 스포츠 시설의 도시재생 효과 분석- 지역 활성화 지표를 중심으로 -

(Background and Purpose) This study aims to empirically assess the impact of the newly constructed professional baseball stadium, Changwon NC Park, on the local revitalization of Changwon, South Korea. Acknowledging that large scale spectator facilities can act as catalysts for urban regeneration beyond their conventional role as sports venues, this research how the stadium has influenced adjacent economic and social conditions. The study also evaluates the effectiveness and limitations of such a facility as a strategic urban intervention by drawing on an extended period of panel data to capture its ripple effects over time. (Method) A Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach was employed to analyze panel data covering eleven years, from 2014 to 2024. The treatment group was defined as the area located within a 2 kilometer radius of the stadium, while the control group consisted of areas at least 3 kilometers away. The control areas were selected based on their similarity to the treatment group in terms of population size, administrative status, and urban context, and were verified to have undergone no major development projects during the study period. The dependent variables, including officially assessed land prices, number of businesses, number of employees, and total population, were constructed using publicly available statistical and spatial data. To enhance the credibility of the findings, the model included relevant covariates and tested the parallel trend assumption using data from the years prior to the stadium’s opening. (Results) The DID analysis showed that the treatment group experienced statistically significant improvements, with a p value below 0.05, in the number of businesses, number of employees, and population retention compared to the control group. These results suggest that the opening of Changwon NC Park contributed to revitalizing commercial activity, strengthening the local employment base, and supporting residential stability. Although land prices in the treatment group exhibited an upward trend, the effect was not statistically significant at the 5% threshold, with a p value of 0.09. This outcome necessitates for a more cautious interpretation of real estate effects and highlights the need to consider broader macroeconomic and spatial influences. (Conclusions) In conclusion, Changwon NC Park served as an anchor facility that helped restore urban vitality, particularly by stimulating local economic activity and employment. While population growth was also observed, it is likely that external factors such as housing policy and infrastructure improvements contributed to the outcome. Although limited in external validity due to its single case focus, the study's empirical design, based on multiple years of panel data and econometric analysis, provides a meaningful basis for evaluating the urban planning impacts of similar large-scale facilities. Future research should include comparative studies across different cities and facility types to produce more broadly applicable policy insights.