최근의 스테이블코인 논의와 그에 따른 과세 동향에 관한 연구

Recently, there has been a significant increase in media reports on the usefulness and use cases of stablecoins, also known as ‘digital dollars’. The background to this increasing can be found in the fact that the US is maintaining its dollar hegemony using stablecoins and the legislation for this purpose, such as the GENIUS Act, countermeasures to China’s de-dollarization policy, and discussions on legislation and introduction plans in each country, such as Japan, have become active. Therefore, in Ⅱ., we examined the significance and trends of stablecoins, in Ⅲ., the status of stablecoins and taxation trends in the US and Japan, and in Ⅳ. Proposals for stablecoins. The conclusions of this paper are as follows. First, regulating stablecoins by separating them into stablecoins with monetary characteristics and general digital assets with strong asset value is consistent with legislative examples in other countries, and it is reasonable to stipulate this in the Virtual Asset Basic Act (draft). Second, in order to resolve taxation issues such as allowing corporate acquisition of stablecoins and digital assets and recognizing profits and losses from transfers, it is necessary to refer to legislative examples in the United States or Japan, which have detailed regulations. Third, there is controversy over whether to issue stablecoins based on the won, but it is reasonable to issue them if you want to enter the “global stablecoin ecosystem.” Fourth, stablecoins are considered to have no taxation issues in principle, and the legislative direction of Japan, which states that “transfers of crypto assets are treated as miscellaneous income, but are taxed separately at a 20% rate and profits and losses are totaled over three years,” needs to be referenced when legislating in Korea. Fifth, in cases where there is payment using stablecoins in international transactions, the content should be reported when filing a tax return, and customs valuation examinations should be made more stringent.