기술발전에 따른 교통분야 탄소중립 구현을 위한 법적 쟁점과 과제

Many countries are pursuing various policies to achieve carbon neutrality to minimize climate change. The transportation sector, responsible for the movement of people and goods, is the most fundamental aspect of a country's economic activity and a key component in achieving carbon neutrality. Discussions on carbon neutrality in South Korea have focused on converting existing internal combustion engine-based vehicles to Eco-friendly ones and expanding charging stations accordingly. However, various technological advancements in the transportation sector are suggesting new directions for sustainable transportation and ESG implementation in carbon neutrality. Institutional measures must be established to support the advancement of transportation technologies, such as the introduction of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Institutional improvements are also needed to reform the tax system to accommodate the expansion of Eco-friendly vehicles and to repurpose existing road space into sustainable urban spaces. Given the significant role of public institutions in South Korea's transportation sector, ESG-related assessments need to be adjusted. Governance is essential to foster collaboration and cooperation between central government ministries and between the central and local governments. This will encourage public transportation agencies to propose more sustainable and diverse solutions. If we go beyond simply transitioning to Eco-friendly vehicles and develop concrete institutional measures for technological change in transportation, we can achieve carbon neutrality in the transportation sector sooner while also improving user efficiency.