공공기관 ESG 역량의 상대적 유형화 연구：공기업․준정부기관을 중심으로

[Purpose] This study investigates the relative typology of ESG capabilities in Korea’s State－owned Enterprises (SOEs) and quasi－governmental organizations, with the objective of providing evidence－based policy implications. [Methodology] Using management evaluation indicators, ESG variables (E, S, and G) were measured for 86 public institutions. Fuzzy－set ideal type analysis was employed to classify organizational ESG typologies, and to analyze their ESG capacity. [Findings] Analysis of annual distributions from 2019 to 2023 indicates that institutions classified as the “High Overall ESG Capacity(ESG)” type accounted for the largest share each year, ranging from 15% to 25%. In terms of type changes, a marked increase was found in the proportion of institutions with strong environmental capacity (ESG, ESg, EsG, Esg) from 2022. Fuzzy scores also revealed considerable variation in individual E, S, and G components even within the same type, suggesting disparities in ESG dimensions across institutions belonging to the same category. [Policy Implications] These findings highlight the importance of tailored ESG strategies that contribute to addressing specific weaknesses at each institutional level, rather than applying a one－size－fits－all approach. By offering a typological analysis of ESG capabilities in public institutions, this study provides a perspective that may open up opportunities for future ESG policy design or institutional improvement efforts.