외국인 고용이 내국인 고용에 미치는 영향: 기업의 고용규모, 지역, 기술수준에 따른 차이

This study empirically analyzes the impact of foreign worker inflow on employment of Korean workers. In particular, by using panel data of individual factories, we control for the environments near the factory, for example, the total number of foreign workers in the industrial complex and the conditions of the local labor market, to empirically analyze the relationship between foreign worker utilization and domestic worker employment and seek related policy directions. The results of the analysis show that the employment of foreign workers and domestic workers has a complementary relationship. Especially, the effect of hiring foreigners in promoting domestic employment is remarkable in small and medium-sized enterprises with small employment scales. It is analyzed that small and medium-sized enterprises that are having difficulty hiring workers are able to conduct stable production activities by hiring foreigners, and this in turn leads to additional domestic female employment. In provincial areas and the capital area, and by skill level, a strong complementary relationship between foreign and domestic workers was formed in manufacturing industries that require intermediate skill levels. The empirical results of this study confirm in which cases a complementary relationship between foreign and domestic workers appears, and suggest that in such cases, institutional measures such as granting employment priority to actively utilize foreign workers are necessary.