디지털 의료전환과 메디컬 트윈의 법적 과제

The digital transformation of healthcare has led to the emergence of the Medical Twin, a technology that creates digital replicas of patients’ biological and clinical data for use in disease prediction, diagnosis, treatment simulations, and personalized medicine. While Medical Twins offer significant benefits—such as enhancing patient care, optimizing hospital operations, and supporting clinical trials—they also raise critical legal and ethical challenges. These include distorted simulation outcomes, data quality and bias, algorithmic opacity, privacy concerns, and gaps in liability frameworks. This study explores the concept and applications of Medical Twins in healthcare, identifies the associated legal issues, and analyzes their implications. To address these challenges, the paper proposes measures such as ensuring high-quality and diverse datasets, adopting explainable AI, establishing ethical and legal guidelines, and building cooperative structures between physicians and AI systems. Ultimately, the successful integration of Medical Twins requires not only technological advancement but also the development of a robust legal framework that prioritizes patient safety and fundamental rights.