노동조합 유무와 조직률이 비정규직 고용 특성에 미치는 영향에 관한 메타분석

This study aims to synthesize previous studies on how labor union characteristics affect the presence and ratio of non-standard employment. In particular, we consider the impact of differences in measurement, such as the presence and density of labor unions, on the results of empirical research. To this end, we selected 28 domestic empirical studies published since the 2000s, and conducted a quantitative meta- analysis, while examining the heterogeneity of research models and publication bias. The results of the analysis show that the presence of labor unions had a significant positive effect on both the presence and ratio of non-standard employment, but the density had a significant negative effect on the ratio of non-standard employment. A possible interpretation of this is that the presence and density of labor unions may affect the characteristics of non-standard employment in relation to the size of the business and the characteristics of the industry. Small businesses without unions have low wages and thus less incentive to hire non-standard workers, while those with unions but with low density have incentives to hire non-standard workers due to wage costs, and those with high density can exert bargaining power. This study is significant in that it suggests an explanation for the conflicting conclusions of previous studies as differences in measurement methods.