창업실패 이후 창업가의 실패 귀인이 재창업 행동 의도에 미치는 영향 연구

Amid post-pandemic liquidity tightening and the ripple effects of the Russia–Ukraine war, prolonged investment contraction and sluggish consumption have reduced new venture formation and increased failure cases. Consequently, policy attention to re-entry support grounded in prior failure experience has grown. Drawing on attribution theory, this study empirically examines factors shaping entrepreneurs’ success expectancy and re-entry intentions after venture failure. We distinguish failure attributions into internal (ability, effort) and external factors and analyze their mechanisms. Using online survey data from 212 entrepreneurs with failure experience, we find a pronounced tendency to attribute failure to external factors-specifically consumer shifts and environmental uncertainty. By contrast, internal attributions to lack of ability significantly reduce both success expectancy and re-entry intentions. In addition, a growth mindset moderates the linkage between failure attributions and re-entry intentions, partially attenuating the negative effects of internal attributions in some cases. Entrepreneurs who attributed failure to lack of effort or to external causes tended to maintain expectations of success and expressed stronger intentions to try again, especially when their growth mindset was high; however, the moderating effect did not emerge for ability-based attributions. These results suggest that fostering re-entry after failure requires interventions targeting attribution styles and psychological states. In particular, programs that discourage ability-blame, cultivate a growth mindset, and provide educational and psychological support (including mentoring) can promote renewed entrepreneurial action. By outlining policy and educational directions that mitigate the psychological impact of failure and help convert failure experience into an asset for re-entry, the study contributes to both scholarship and practice.