생물자원 이용 탄소중립을 위한 CCUS 기술 개발과 이용에 관한 법제화 및 산업 지원 방안

In the era of climate crisis, the need to leverage science and technology to achieve carbon neutrality is growing. This is evidenced by the Paris Agreement, the EU's Net Zero Industry Act (NZIA), and the US's Executive Order 14081, the Bio-economy Development Initiative. Korea has also enacted the Carbon Neutrality Framework Act, the CCUS Law, to actively utilize science and technology to overcome the climate crisis. This includes the development and utilization of biocarbon-neutral technologies utilizing biological resources. In particular, the development and utilization of CCUS technologies utilizing biological resources, including microorganisms, is significant not only in contributing to carbon neutrality but also in terms of systematic support policies for future new industries. Therefore, active interest is needed in leveraging existing carbon capture technologies utilizing biological resources, such as microorganisms, and linking them with the development of CCUS technologies to utilize them as transition technologies contributing to the realization of carbon neutrality. These biological conversion carbon-neutral technologies, in particular, deserve continued attention due to their safety and environmental friendliness. Having enacted the CCUS Act, Korea should designate and announce a repository for the development and utilization of bio-conversion CCUS technology to support the advancement and commercialization of CCUS technology. Furthermore, it should establish a CCUS-related technology certification system and a transaction licensing system to facilitate market access mechanisms. Furthermore, the CCUS Promotion Center established under the CCUS Act can serve as a platform for all operations. Finally, it should be noted that DSI may be subject to LMO regulations when developing and utilizing CCUS technology using biological resources. Furthermore, DSI is designated as a multilateral benefit-sharing target under the Post-2020 KM-GBF.