한국의 직장에 근무하는 북한이탈주민의 잡크래프팅에 관한 현상학적 연구

This study examined the motivations, practices, and effects of job crafting among North Korean defectors, based on the perspective that they are proactive individuals capable of creating better lives. To achieve this, the following research questions were raised: Firstly, what are the personal (situation-specific) motivations, practices, and effects of job crafting experienced by North Korean defectors in the workplace? Secondly, what are the collective (general) motivations, practices, and effects of job crafting experienced by North Korean defectors in the workplace? Nine participants employed in South Korea participated in a study utilizing non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Their experiences were analyzed using Giorgi’s phenomenological method, which yielded situated descriptions at the individual level and general structural descriptions at the group level. From the analysis, 123 central meanings were identified and categorized into 23 essential themes and 66 sub-themes. These findings indicated that stability, career development, loyalty, sense of calling, self-esteem, growth, and recognition were key needs shaping job crafting. Participants experienced outcomes such as achievement, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, and adaptation to South Korean society, while also establishing career goals and pursuing development. The common features distinguishing them from typical South Korean workers were their “identity as North Koreans” and their “struggle for life in South Korea.” Their identity as North Koreans is associated with the sense of calling, organizational identification, and loyalty embodied in North Korea, while their struggle for life in South Korea is linked to yearning for a new life, flexibility for readjustment, and a strong desire for career success in South Korea.