AI 인식이 반생산적 업무행동에 미치는 영향 - 직무 스트레스의 매개효과와 조절초점의 조절된 매개효과를 중심으로-

This study, grounded in Conservation of Resources (COR) theory and Regulatory Focus Theory, systematically examines the impact of AI awareness on employees’ counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and investigates the mediating role of job stress as well as the moderated mediation effect of regulatory focus (promotion vs. prevention). To achieve this objective, a two-wave time-lagged survey was conducted among 327 employees working in China’s advanced manufacturing sector, and empirical analyses were performed using the PROCESS Macro proposed by Hayes (2013). The results reveal that, first, AI awareness significantly increases employees’ counterproductive work behavior. Second, job stress partially mediates the relationship between AI awareness and counterproductive work behavior. Third, the effect of AI awareness on job stress is weakened when employees exhibit a high level of promotion focus, whereas this effect is strengthened when prevention focus is high. Fourth, regulatory focus significantly moderates the indirect effect of AI awareness on counterproductive work behavior through job stress, such that promotion focus attenuates this indirect effect while prevention focus amplifies it. This study elucidates the psychological mechanism through which AI awareness translates into maladaptive employee behavior, thereby contributing to the integrated extension of Conservation of Resources theory and Regulatory Focus Theory. Furthermore, it provides practical implications for developing effective management strategies aimed at protecting employees’ psychological resources and preventing counterproductive behaviors in AI-driven organizational contexts.