승객 수요의 비대칭 정도가 UAM 운영 성과에 미치는 영향 분석

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is gaining attention as a next-generation transportation system that can alleviate urban traffic congestion. However, during the initial implementation phase, there is a high likelihood that demand will exhibit asymmetric characteristics, concentrated in specific areas or directions, which can significantly impact operational efficiency and service quality. This study experimentally analyzed the impact of the degree of passenger demand asymmetry on UAM operational performance using Agent-Based Simulation techniques. Key actors such as passengers, infrastructure, and operators were designated as agents, and various demand asymmetry scenarios were incorporated into the model for simulation. The experimental results showed that as the asymmetry of demand increased, key performance indicators such as service fulfillment and eVTOL utilization tended to deteriorate, and the operational limits of the system became evident at a certain level of asymmetry. This study confirmed the necessity for operational strategies and relocation strategies that consider passenger demand asymmetry in the design of UAM services, and it can serve as a basic resource for demand management and operational strategy formulation during the initial market introduction phase.