유자녀 남성의 일-가족 양립 갈등에 대한 연구: 육아휴직 사용과 직장의 가족친화도의 조절효과를 중심으로

Although men’s participation in housework and childcare has been increasing in recent years, discussions on the accompanying work-family conflict and its organizational and structural determinants remain insufficient. In particular, empirical research on how men’s use of parental leave affects work-family conflict and how family-friendly workplace culture moderates this relationship is still limited. Using the national representative data from 「The Survey on Married Couples’ Housework, Childcare, and Perceptions of Gender Equality」, this study examined the effects of parental leave use and workplaces’ family-friendliness on work-family conflict among employed fathers. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that fathers who had taken parental leave reported significantly higher levels of work-family conflict than non-users, whereas higher family-friendliness of workplaces was associated with lower conflict levels. Moreover, workplaces’ family-friendliness significantly moderated the relationship between parental leave and work-family conflict. Specifically, in non-family- friendly workplaces, parental leave users experienced higher conflict, while in family-friendly workplaces, this negative effect was alleviated. These findings highlight that institutional guarantees alone are not sufficient to promote men’s work-family balance; rather, fostering family-supportive organizational cultures is essential for men’s participation in childcare to translate into genuine work-family harmony.