직무환경 요인이 사회복지분야 종사자의 장기근속에 미치는 영향: 타 직종 근로자와의 비교분석

The stabilization and retention of human resources in the social welfare sector have emerged as a critical challenge due to the deepening of the aging population and the rising demand for various social services. Workers in the social welfare field exhibit a high turnover rate compared to other occupations, due to poor working conditions. However, there is a lack of empirical research that identifies the work environment factors influencing long-term tenure by comparing social welfare workers with those in other occupations. This study examined the factors influencing tenure among social welfare workers by utilizing the 2023 Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) and comparing them with those of other occupational groups. After excluding missing cases, a total of 50,195 workers were analyzed. Demographic characteristics and job-related factors were included as independent variables, and tenure was used as the dependent variable. To analyze the collected data, frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 23.0 statistical program. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that social welfare workers had significantly shorter tenure than workers in other occupations. In the full-sample model, age, income level, having children, coworker support, and supervisor support were positively associated with longer tenure. The interaction analysis further indicated that the positive effect of supervisor support was stronger among social welfare workers, while the interaction with coworker support was not statistically significant. These findings suggest that improving organizational support particularly supervisor support is essential for promoting long-term retention and reducing turnover among social welfare workers.