트럼프 정부의 관세 정책에 따른 미·중 반도체 무역분쟁에 관한 연구

Purpose - This study examines how the Trump administration’s tariff measures and export-control tightening reshaped the U.S.–China semiconductor trade dispute and identifies corporate response strategies adopted under heightened policy uncertainty. By focusing on firm-level strategic adjustments, the paper aims to clarify the mechanisms linking trade-policy shocks to operational and investment decisions in the semiconductor value chain. Design/methodology/approach - The study employs a policy and institutional analysis of major U.S. trade instruments (tariffs and export controls) and traces their transmission channels to semiconductor supply chains. It complements this with comparative case-based evidence derived from publicly available corporate disclosures and industry reports, organizing observed responses into an analytical framework of strategic options. Findings - The analysis indicates that tariffs and export-control constraints jointly intensified supply-chain fragmentation and compliance costs, prompting firms to pursue multi-track strategies. Key responses include supply-chain diversification and relocation, product and sourcing redesign to satisfy regulatory thresholds, strengthened compliance and licensing capabilities, and selective partnership and investment reconfiguration to secure market access and technology continuity. These strategies differ systematically depending on firms’ position in the value chain and exposure to U.S.-controlled technologies. Research implications or originality - The study contributes by integrating trade-policy tools with a firm-level strategic response framework tailored to semiconductor-specific constraints, offering a structured taxonomy that can be used for subsequent empirical testing. The findings provide practical implications for Asia-Pacific semiconductor firms and policymakers seeking to enhance supply-chain resilience and strategic autonomy under persistent geo-economic competition.