도시의 사회적ㆍ물리적 환경이 폭력범죄 위험수준에 미치는 영향

This study analyzes the effects of social, physical, and land-use environments on violent crime risk at a fine spatial scale. Using 250m × 250m grid data provided by the National Spatial Information Platform, spatial indicators of population, physical environment, and land use were constructed, while violent crime risk levels were derived from the National Crime Safety Map and used as the dependent variable. The analysis first revealed that violent crime risk exhibits strong spatial clustering and significant spatial dependence across adjacent areas. The results indicate that, among population factors, both total population and the proportion of residents aged 20-30 have positive effects on violent crime risk. With regard to physical environmental factors, the number of general restaurants and accommodation facilities, the proportion of housing older than 30 years, and the number of single-family and multi-family housing units were found to significantly increase violent crime risk, suggesting that the concentration of commercial and leisure functions and the vulnerability of residential environments may elevate the likelihood of violent crime. In terms of land-use factors, the land-use mix index shows a positive relationship with violent crime risk, indicating that the overlap of diverse land uses and increased activity intensity may mediate higher levels of exposure and conflict.