금융회사 내부통제제도의 발전과 과제 - 지배구조법 제정 이후 10년간의 변화와 개선방안 -

It has been 10 years since the Act on Corporate Governance of Financial Companies was first enacted in 2015. Since its legislation, there has been significant efforts have been made by the Financial Services Commission (FSC), the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), financial companies, and various expert groups to establish and implement robust internal control standards and compliance regimes within financial companies. However, unlawful misconducts, such as financial frauds, mis-selling, and customer data breaches, which threaten the stability of the financial market, have occurred consistently. This has raised doubts as to whether the internal control systems of financial companies were operating properly. Consequently, the Act on Corporate Governance of Financial Companies was revised in 2024, newly introducing the concept of a 'Responsibility Map'. This was adopted to enhance the accountability of financial company executives and directors regarding internal control and to impose a specific obligation* on them to be responsible for the internal control system. The purpose of this research is to identify specific problems with the current internal control standards and to suggest several improvement measures that should be taken into account. Internal control and compliance constitute the core structure of corporate governance. The internal control regime applies to all financial companies, regardless of their business sector, type, size, or listed status. Since the internal control system is a self-regulating regime established and complied with by members of financial companies to regulate themselves, it must be developed by reflecting the unique characteristics of each financial company. To operate this internal control system effectively, all members of the financial company, from employees to top management, must fulfill their respective roles and responsibilities.