보험료 납입수단과 가상자산에 관한 검토*- P2P 보험의 예를 중심으로
A Study on the Insurance Premium Payment and Cryptocurrency
김화중(삼성화재해상보험)
1권 2호, 81~100쪽
초록
국내에는 아직 도입되지 않은 플랫폼제공자 P2P 보험모델은 보험료 납입과 보험금 지급의 수단으로 블록체인 기술 기반의 가상자산을 이용한다. 이러한 P2P 보험이 법률적 보험성(保險性)을 갖추고 있는지 여부가 문제될 수 있는데, 본 연구는 그와 관련하여 상법이정하는 보험료 납입에 관한 요건을 검토하였다. 첫째, 사후납입 형식으로 지급되는 P2P 보험의 보험료 또는 기여금이 상법상 보험성(保險性)을 배척하는 요인은 아니다. 둘째, 보험료 납입의 일반적인 형태는 금전(金錢)인데, 현재의 블록체인 기술 기반 가상자산은 아직까지는 금전으로서의 법적 요건은 충족되지 않는 것으로 보인다. 다만, 직접적인 금전성이없다고 하여 상법 제638조에 근거한 보험료 납입 효과가 부인되는 것은 아니다. P2P 보험의 경우 소규모 위험단체 가입자간 가상자산의 경제적 가치에 관한 합의가 존재하고, 사고발생시에 보험금 지급수단으로까지 사용된다는 점에서, 보험료의 ‘지급에 갈음한’ 대물변제(代物辨濟)의 성격으로 볼 수도 있다. 환언하면, 가상자산을 이용한 사후납입 방식이라고해도 현행 상법 체계 내에서 새로운 형태의 위험보장제도로서 법적 유효성을 인정받을 여지가 있다.
Abstract
Even if P2P insurance is actually introduced in Korea, its impact on the overall market may be small as it is limited to insurance products with a small amount and short-term insurance period, as it starts with the purpose of mutual aid between small groups of individuals. However, P2P insurance has a new institutional meaning that returns to the primitive form of the insurance system, an assistance system as economic solidarity through the application of IT technology. In the process, it is necessary to review the legal insurability of P2P insurance, and this study focused on the requirements for nature of insurance premiums stipulated by the Commercial Act. In conclusion, even if the premium or contribution of P2P insurance is paid in the form of post-payment, it is not a factor that excludes the legal nature of insurance under the Commercial Act. However, the general form of insurance premium payment is money, but it appears that insurance premium payment using blockchain technology-based cryptocurrency does not yet meet the legal requirements as money. However, just because there is no direct monetary value, the effect of insurance premium payment under Article 638 of the Commercial Act is not denied. In addition, the economic value of cryptocurrency has been agreed upon among insureds of small risk groups, and in the sense that it is even used as a means of paying insurance money in the event of an accident, it can be seen as a 'payment in substitutes' in lieu of payment of insurance premiums. When trying to include a new economic phenomenon into the institutional sphere, its legal nature must first be identified in order to determine whether it can be included in the existing system or whether improvement of the existing system is necessary. This study focused on some issues of P2P insurance and examined the possibility of inclusion in the existing system, but additional research is needed on various issues such as the Insurance Law and Insurance Business Act. In conducting such research, it will be necessary to consider both the main functions of the existing insurance system, which are expansion of the social safety net and consumer welfare, and the prevention of consumer damage.
- 발행기관:
- 사)디지털금융법포럼
- 분류:
- 법학