자동차산업 전환에 따른 정비업의 위기와 대응전략

With the transition of the automotive industry, the Automobile Repair Industry, which belongs to the downstream service segment of the automotive value chain, has also faced a major crisis. Applying the Population Ecology of Organizations Theory, this study assesses the industry’s current conditions, forecasts transition-related risks, and examines survival and response strategies for repair businesses. Repair demand has steadily declined with advances in vehicle manufacturing technologies. Since the abolition of restrictions on establishing repair shops in 2015, rapid growth in the number of businesses has intensified competition. In addition, the industry’s operating environment has become highly fragile due to persistently low service fees, unilateral repair-cost reductions by insurance companies, poor labor conditions that deter new entrants, and the aging of the repair workforce. In particular, the imminent shift toward electric vehicles and autonomous vehicles introduces qualitatively different threats compared to previous challenges, adding a new level of pressure on the industry’s sustainability. To support a smooth and just transition, this paper proposes policy and strategic responses, including analysis and dissemination of electric-vehicle business prospects and workforce demand in Vehicle Maintenance and Repair, tailored support for job transitions and business closures, stakeholder participation in governance, and legal and institutional reforms to ensure fair repair service fees.