국내 조직의 심리적 안전감에 대한 연구동향 및 메타분석

The purpose of this study is to provide a quantitative and qualitative overview of research on psychological safety in the Korean organizational context by examining empirical studies on its relationships with related variables and conducting a meta-analysis of effect sizes. A total of 98 studies were reviewed for research trend analysis, and 91 studies (k = 193) were included in the meta-analysis after excluding seven studies with k < 3. 13 predictor variables, 17 outcome variables, and 3 control variables were analyzed. First, the trend analysis examined the distribution of publication year, journals, sample characteristics (industry, gender, age), measurement tools, research designs, and variable relationships, and further integrated the mechanisms of variable interactions based on social exchange theory. Predictors were categorized into leadership, relational, and job-related factors, while outcomes were classified into attitudes, behaviors, and performance, with three individual characteristics identified as control variables. Second, the meta-analytic results showed large effect sizes for predictors such as empowering leadership, participative leadership, coaching leadership, inclusive leadership, ethical leadership, as well as relational variables such as LMX and trust in leader, and job autonomy. Among outcome variables, job crafting, team performance, and organizational commitment exhibited large effect sizes. In contrast, power distance and silence were negatively associated with psychological safety. Considerable heterogeneity was observed across studies, and meta-regression revealed that gender and age distribution moderated some outcome variables(creativity and psychological empowerment). Publication bias was found to be minimal. Based on these findings, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.