국방 G2G 기술이전 IP 프레임워크의 법 이전(pre-legal) 설계 논리: ACTI 기반 제도 분석틀 제안

This study reconceptualized the Government-to-Government (G2G) technology transfer framework in the defense sector as an institutional governance structure designed at the pre-legal stage, rather than as a contractual outcome, and analyzed its underlying design logic. Previous studies have focused primarily on legal outcomes such as ownership transfers or licensing, limiting their ability to explain the characteristics of defense G2G cooperation, where flexible policy control is essential. In particular, institutional elements such as prior authorization, conditional permission, and staged cooperation have attracted limited attention. This paper proposes the ACTI (Action-Control-Time-IP) analytical framework and maps it to a staged structure consisting of the Framework, Annex, and Implementation Agreement (IA). The analysis showed that the core of G2G IP transfer lies not in the immediate transfer of rights, but in the prior structuring of permissible technological actions, policy controls, and temporal sequencing. It confirmed that IP elements are positioned subsequently as dependent variables shaped by the preceding decisions. Moreover, this study identified potential institutional risks arising from inadequate design and provided practical guidance for governments and defense industries operating under high uncertainty.