초효율성 DEA모형을 활용한 국가거점 국립대학교의 기능별 효율성 분석

This study analyzed the efficiency of 9 KFNUs (Korea Flagship National Universities) about three key functions using Higher Education Information Disclosure data and a super-efficiency DEA model. For the education, input variables were set as educational expenditure per student and student/faculty ratio, output variables were enrollment fill rate and graduate employment rate. For the research, inputs comprised faculty securing rate and research funding per faculty; outputs included KCI/SCI publication per faculty and monograph/translation performance. For the service, inputs were educational facility securing rate and student entrepreneurship support funds, and outputs were technology transfer revenue and number of students completing entrepreneurship education courses. The major findings are as follows. First, student entrepreneurship support funds, technology transfer revenue, and the number of entrepreneurship course completers exhibited large inter-university variations, whereas the enrollment fill rate, graduate employment rate, student/faculty ratio, and faculty securing rate showed relatively small variations. Second, efficiency levels for the education and research functions did not differ substantially, while service efficiency varied markedly. This suggests that, although education and research competitiveness is broadly comparable, service capacity is influenced by universities’ policy commitment and the characteristics of their locations. Third, there is no statistically significant difference between education and research efficiency; however, statistically significant differences were found for all other combinations. Accordingly, policies related to education and research at KFNUs should maintain the current direction while introducing complementary measures to further enhance competitiveness. In addition, the service function requires clearer definitions of roles and scope, and more comprehensive and refined disclosure indicators may be needed to measure its efficiency appropriately. Finally, differences in function-specific performance across universities should be carefully examined to establish higher education policies that reflect institutional and regional characteristics.