인구감소시대 극복을 위한 국토계획법의 대응과 과제 - 지방자치 보장과의 연계를 중심으로 -

The most realistic and normative alternative to overcome the era of population decline of low birth rate and aging population is to come up with legal and policy improvement measures to ensure an equal and appropriate population distribution in the physical space of the country. Various infrastructure and administrative, educational, and medical services according to population distribution should be distributed homogeneously. Thereofore, at a normative level, balanced regional development according to local autonomy should be presented as a key task in connection with urban planning. To this end, the National Land Planning and Utilization Act should ensure the proper establishment and implementation of spatial planning based on the planning authority of local governments in terms of urban planning, not national land planning. Based on the constitutional order for equal treatment between local governments and the national aim regulations for balanced regional development, local governments should be guaranteed freedom to form a wide range of plans according to the preschribed plan right, and planning rights should be recognized for certain areas even in the lower units of basic local governments. More specifically, urban planning, not national planning, should be at the center by breaking away from growth-oriented urban planning, and freedom of planning should be guaranteed more widely in differentially for areas at risk of population decline, and the internal administrative effect of metropolitan city planning should also be secured.