해상풍력특별법 시행에 따른 예비지구 입지 선정의 환경성 기준 도출 연구

Following the implementation of the Special Act on Offshore Wind Power, this study aims to propose environmental criteria and strategic directions for the designation of preliminary zones for offshore wind power. To derive environmental issues relevant to the selection of preliminary zones, existing guidelines, manuals, and guidance documents related to environmental assessments for offshore wind power were analyzed, and environmental impact assessment cases of domestic offshore wind projects with capacities exceeding 100 MW were systematically reviewed. In addition, offshore wind site selection practices in Scotland were examined, and key environmental issues were identified through a comprehensive consideration of the characteristics of coastal and marine space use in Korea. The results indicate that major environmental concerns include seabirds, conflicts with existing marine uses such as fisheries, impacts on seascape and visual amenity, legally protected areas, marine mammals, and subsea cable routing. Based on these findings, this study proposes strategic directions for the designation of preliminary zones, including: (1) emphasizing the principles of avoidance and prevention; (2) the proactive exclusion of avoidance zones; (3) the prioritization of open-sea areas; (4) phased adjustment of preliminary zones; and (5) improved communication grounded in stakeholder participation.